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import type {BinaryJsonEncoder} from '../types';
/**
* Apache Avro binary encoder for basic value encoding.
* Implements the Avro binary encoding specification without schema validation.
* Based on https://avro.apache.org/docs/1.12.0/specification/
*/
export class AvroEncoder implements BinaryJsonEncoder {
constructor(public readonly writer: IWriter & IWriterGrowable) {}
public encode(value: unknown): Uint8Array {
const writer = this.writer;
writer.reset();
this.writeAny(value);
return writer.flush();
}
/**
* Called when the encoder encounters a value that it does not know how to encode.
*/
public writeUnknown(value: unknown): void {
this.writeNull();
}
public writeAny(value: unknown): void {
switch (typeof value) {
case 'boolean':
return this.writeBoolean(value);
case 'number':
return this.writeNumber(value);
case 'string':
return this.writeStr(value);
case 'object': {
if (value === null) return this.writeNull();
const construct = value.constructor;
switch (construct) {
case Object:
return this.writeObj(value as Record<string, unknown>);
case Array:
return this.writeArr(value as unknown[]);
case Uint8Array:
return this.writeBin(value as Uint8Array);
default:
return this.writeUnknown(value);
}
}
case 'bigint':
return this.writeLong(value);
case 'undefined':
return this.writeNull();
default:
return this.writeUnknown(value);
}
}
/**
* Writes an Avro null value.
*/
public writeNull(): void {
// Null values are encoded as zero bytes
}
/**
* Writes an Avro boolean value.
*/
public writeBoolean(bool: boolean): void {
this.writer.u8(bool ? 1 : 0);
}
/**
* Writes an Avro int value using zigzag encoding.
*/
public writeInt(int: number): void {
this.writeVarIntSigned(this.encodeZigZag32(Math.trunc(int)));
}
/**
* Writes an Avro long value using zigzag encoding.
*/
public writeLong(long: number | bigint): void {
if (typeof long === 'bigint') {
this.writeVarLong(this.encodeZigZag64(long));
} else {
this.writeVarLong(this.encodeZigZag64(BigInt(Math.trunc(long))));
}
}
/**
* Writes an Avro float value using IEEE 754 single-precision.
*/
public writeFloatAvro(float: number): void {
const writer = this.writer;
writer.ensureCapacity(4);
writer.view.setFloat32(writer.x, float, true); // little-endian
writer.move(4);
}
/**
* Writes an Avro double value using IEEE 754 double-precision.
*/
public writeDouble(double: number): void {
const writer = this.writer;
writer.ensureCapacity(8);
writer.view.setFloat64(writer.x, double, true); // little-endian
writer.move(8);
}
/**
* Writes an Avro bytes value with length-prefixed encoding.
*/
public writeBin(bytes: Uint8Array): void {
this.writeVarIntUnsigned(bytes.length);
this.writer.buf(bytes, bytes.length);
}
/**
* Writes an Avro string value with UTF-8 encoding and length prefix.
*/
public writeStr(str: string): void {
const writer = this.writer;
const maxSize = str.length * 4; // Max UTF-8 bytes for string
writer.ensureCapacity(5 + maxSize); // 5 bytes max for varint length
// Reserve space for length (we'll come back to fill this)
const lengthOffset = writer.x;
writer.x += 5; // Max varint size
// Write the string and get actual byte count
const bytesWritten = writer.utf8(str);
const endPos = writer.x;
// Go back to encode the actual length
writer.x = lengthOffset;
this.writeVarIntUnsigned(bytesWritten);
const actualLengthSize = writer.x - lengthOffset;
// If we reserved more space than needed, shift the string data
if (actualLengthSize < 5) {
const stringStart = lengthOffset + 5;
const stringData = writer.uint8.slice(stringStart, endPos);
writer.x = lengthOffset + actualLengthSize;
writer.buf(stringData, stringData.length);
} else E{
writer.x = endPos;
}
}
/**
* Writes an Avro array with length-prefixed encoding.
*/
public writeArr(arr: unknown[]): void {
this.writeVarIntUnsigned(arr.length);
const length = arr.length;
for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
this.writeAny(arr[i]);
}
this.writeVarIntUnsigned(0); // End of array marker
}
/**
* Writes an Avro map with length-prefixed encoding.
*/
public writeObj(obj: Record<string, unknown>): void {
const entries = Object.entries(obj);
const length = entries.length;
this.writeVarIntUnsigned(length);
for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
const entry = entries[i];
this.writeStr(entry[0]);
this.writeAny(entry[1]);
}
this.writeVarIntUnsigned(0); // End of map marker
}
// BinaryJsonEncoder interface methods
/**
* Generic number writing - determines type based on value
*/
public writeNumber(num: number): void {
if (Number.isInteger(num)) {
if (num >= -2147483648 && num <= 2147483647) {
this.writeInt(num);
} else {
this.writeLong(num);
}
} else {
this.writeDouble(num);
}
}
/**
* Writes an integer value
*/
public writeInteger(int: number): void {
this.writeInt(int);
}
/**
* Writes an unsigned integer value
*/
public writeUInteger(uint: number): void {
this.writeInt(uint);
}
/**
* Writes a float value (interface method)
*/
public writeFloat(float: number): void {
this.writeFloatValue(float);
}
/**
* Writes a float value using IEEE 754 single-precision.
*/
private writeFloatValue(float: number): void {
const writer = this.writer;
writer.ensureCapacity(4);
writer.view.setFloat32(writer.x, float, true); // little-endian
writer.move(4);
}
/**
* Writes an ASCII string (same as regular string in Avro)
*/
public writeAsciiStr(str: string): void {
const writer = this.writer;
this.writeVarIntUnsigned(str.length);
writer.ascii(str);
}
// Utility methods for Avro encoding
/**
* Encodes a variable-length integer (for signed values with zigzag)
*/
private writeVarIntSigned(value: number): void {
const writer = this.writer;
let n = value >>> 0; // Convert to unsigned 32-bit
while (n >= 0x80) {
writer.u8((n & 0x7f) | 0x80);
n >>>= 7;
}
writer.u8(n & 0x7f);
}
/**
* Encodes a variable-length integer (for unsigned values like lengths)
*/
private writeVarIntUnsigned(value: number): void {
const writer = this.writer;
let n = value >>> 0; // Convert to unsigned 32-bit
while (n >= 0x80) {
writer.u8((n & 0x7f) | 0x80);
n >>>= 7;
}
writer.u8(n & 0x7f);
}
/**
* Encodes a variable-length long using Avro's encoding
*/
private writeVarLong(value: bigint): void {
const writer = this.writer;
let n = value;
const mask = BigInt(0x7f);
const shift = BigInt(7);
while (n >= BigInt(0x80)) {
writer.u8(Number((n & mask) | BigInt(0x80)));
n >>= shift;
}
writer.u8(Number(n & mask));
}
/**
* Encodes a 32-bit integer using zigzag encoding
*/
private encodeZigZag32(value: number): number {
return (value << 1) ^ (value >> 31);
}
/**
* Encodes a 64-bit integer using zigzag encoding
*/
private encodeZigZag64(value: bigint): bigint {
return (value << BigInt(1)) ^ (value >> BigInt(63));
}
}
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